In the present work, the South Atlantic Magnetic Anomaly was described and analyzed by means of historical data from the IGRF and Gufm1 models, from the year 1590 to the current year. The analysis of the maps allowed us to visualize the displacement of the anomaly in the Atlantic Ocean, it leaving Africa towards South America. In addition, displacement rates and annual variations in the anomaly intensity were calculated, it showing that it weakened in all periods studied.  Analyzing the intervals, the largest displacement of the South Atlantic Magnetic Anomaly was observed in the interval 1821-1921, in which there was a displacement of 23,127 km. Furthermore, the greatest drop in magnetic field intensity in this same time interval was found, with a value of 3,192 nT. A suggestion for future work, a mapping of the total magnetic field of the entire globe may be carried out, as this will allow evaluating the behavior of the South Atlantic Magnetic Anomaly on a smaller scale. It is also suggested to analyze the X, Y and Z components of the total magnetic field in the same intervals studied in this work, as it will enable the analysis of the contributions of each component in the observed variations.

Scientific Initiation Student, Instituto Nossa Senhora da Glória, Macaé, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil